Cicerone and Suarez. The metamorphosis of natural right. Ethical and political issues
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53439/stdfyt40.20.2017.55-77Keywords:
Natural right, Ethics, Ontology, Reason, FreedomAbstract
The debate that engages Suarez, among other with Cicerone in the De legibus about natural right, is revealing of an ethical and political issue between the Ancients and the Moderns. Whether for Cicerone, it’s necessary to attribute to natural right a base corresponding to a universal order independent of human’s will; this goes back to establish a legitimacy escaping to human’s freedom.
Whether for Suarez, such a base is anthropological and theological, that’s means it refers to universal character of man’s being: freedom and reason. This difference apparently has things in common: the search of the way allowing living according rectitude just as well in moral order than in political order. It doesn’t conceal a divergence which is not without consequence the conception of being human: according to Suarez, if the foundation of natural right escapes to man, it remains inconceivable regardless of universality of mankind indicated by reason and freedom. In this manner, the way is clear for a theory of constitution of subjective rights.
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